Subtitling strategies comparison of auto-generated and human-made subtitles in maudy ayunda's youtube video

The study is aimed at comparing the subtitling strategies and equivalence levels applied in the auto-generated subtitles (AGS) and human-made subtitles (HMS) of Maudy Ayunda’s YouTube video “how I manage stress” which talks the way how Maudy Ayunda, a well-known Indonesian educational content creator and singer, faces the stress. There are two problems to be solved in this research: (1) What are the subtitling strategies used in the AGS and HMS in Maudy Ayunda’s YouTube video, "how I manage stress,”? and (2) How do auto-generated subtitles compare to human-made subtitles in terms of equivalence? This research employs Gottlieb’s (1992) subtitling strategy framework and Bell’s (1991) degree of equivalence theory. This qualitative study aims to identify the strategies used and compare the equivalence of both subtitle forms. The data were collected from the same video using the AGS and HMS, then analyzed based on the subtitling strategies and the degree of equivalence. The findings revealed that both AGS and HMS generally produced equivalent subtitles. However, AGS often resulted in decreased or changed meanings due to strategies such as transfer, condensation, and paraphrase that lacked context sensitivity. In contrast, HMS tended to clarify meanings, improving audience understanding, though it sometimes removed important details due to the deletion strategy. This suggests that while AGS can confuse audiences with missing key ideas, HMS typically provides more precise and equivalent subtitles, even if some information is sacrificed for brevity. Overall, HMS offers better contextual equivalence and clarity, despite both types having strengths and limitations.